Computer Organization
A computer is a device which is programmed to perform specific mathematical or logical operations automatically, without human intervention. Modern computers are capable of performing generic sets of procedures called applications. These applications allow computers to do an assortment of common tasks. Computers are used to process information and store it in files, on hard disks and in a virtual environment. Most applications store the data in main memory where it is accessed by programs running on the computer.
The word “computer” is derived from “kulum” which was an Indian language term meaning a stringed instrument. Early computers were stringed instruments which controlled the movement of musical notes. Modern computer architecture contains many different elements of a device which is present in some form in all personal computers. Memory, input and output devices, processing unit, input and output devices and software are the basic components of a modern personal computer. The electronic device also includes a microprocessor, random access memory (RAM), random access memory (RAM card) and processor.
Many changes have taken place in the field of computer science, especially in the area of digital signal processing. The invention of the electronic computer made significant improvements in the field of information technology. Digital signal processing techniques to reduce the overhead associated with information processing. This allows for significant cost savings and increased speed with decreased cycle times. Digital signal processing has made significant advances in digital computers and their applications.
Computer literacy has increased dramatically in the last two decades. The popularity of personal computers, which are primarily used for applications and data storage, has increased dramatically in recent years. Computer applications and data storage continue to grow at a rapid pace. As a result, computer knowledge and skills are becoming more important for employers and individuals who are seeking careers in information technology and computer science.
The desktop computer, a simple form of a digital computer, consists of at least one input device and at least one output device. Input devices refer to devices such as a keyboard, a mouse, a monitor, a printer and a drive device. Output devices refer to devices such as a printer or a disk drive. A computer is composed of at least one input and at least one output device.
The difference between an analog computer and a digital computer is that an analog computer operates by translating an analog signal into a digital signal. Digital input devices, on the other hand, translate digital signals into analog signals. Digital input devices are commonly found in personal computers and mobile phones. An analog computer is often more expensive to purchase and to run than a digital computer.